The unrecognized heroes of the contemporary globe, incorporated circuits (ICs), are mini marvels of engineering. Nicknamed chips, these tiny plans include billions of tiny parts operating in best harmony to power everything from smart devices to spacecrafs. At the heart of these complex systems lie basic foundation like diodes, capacitors, http://www.stes.tyc.edu.tw/xoops/modules/profile/userinfo.php?uid=2025730